FOREWORD

INTRODUCTION

TRENDS AND CHARACTERISTICS IN GVCS AND PRODUCTIVITY IN APO MEMBER COUNTRIES
　Introduction
　Economic Momentum Slowing in APO member countries
　Overview of Exports and GVC Participation
　GVC Participation in APO member countries
　Conclusion
　References

GVC PARTICIPATION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY INDUSTRIES: IMPLICATION FOR EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION IN APO MEMBER COUNTRIES
　Introduction
　Literature and Conceptual Review
　Impact of GVCs on Export Diversification: Empirical Analyses
　Impact of GVCs on Export Diversification: CGE Analyses
　Conclusion
　References
　Appendix

THE EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER ON PRODUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT
　Introduction
　Literature review
　Knowledge spillover and productivity trends
　Analysis of Knowledge spillover effect
　Results
　Barriers to International Knowledge Spillover Effect
　Policy implication and limitation
　References
　Appendix

SPILLOVER OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY INDUSTRIES THROUGH FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY
　Introduction
　Theoretical Review
　Empirical Review on GVCs
　Data and Empirical Specification
　Results
　Policy Implications and Conclusion
　Reference
　Appendix

CONCLUSION

COUNTRY PROFILES